Tamil Civilization

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Tamil is one of the oldest and continuously spoken classical language in the world. The history of Tamil civilisation is recorded in Tamil and other Dravidian literatures, Sanskrit and other North Indian literatures and World literatures such as greek, sumerian,East asian countries etc.More knowledge about this great civilisation is brought out with Archeological excavations in recent times.

Archaeobotany of Early Historic sites in Southern Tamil Nadu

This research was collaboration was initiated in September 2002, in collaboration with Dr. K Rajan, Department of Ancient History and Archaeology, Tamil University, Thanjuvar, who had been a Charles Wallace Trust visiting fellow at the Institute of Archaeology January-March 2002.

The first systematic archaeobotanical samples recovered from three sites in the state of Tamil Nadu (see below).

All three sites are primarily early Historic in date (300BC-200 AD), and one site shows continuous occupation to the 8th century.


Mangudi , located Southwest of the village of the same name, Southwest of the town of Rajapalayam in Madurai district, on the banks of a seasonal watercourse called locally Deviaru, just east of the Varushanad Hills..... It is not yet clear whether this represents much earlier mesolithic/ ‘microlithic’ occupation of a site that was reoccupied, or whether aceramic (hunter-gatherer?) societies persisted in this region up to ca. 3oo BC. Discussions with the archaeologists indicate that other sites in the region indicate a similar pattern. The lack of well-documented Neolithic, or indeed Iron Age, occupation sites in this region could indicate that sedentary agricultural occupations were introduced only in the late 1st millennium BC during the same period as early inscriptional evidence, although further archaeological exploration, excavation and dating is needed to confirm.



Kodumanal, located on the north bank of the Noyil river between Coimbatore and Erode is a substantial occupation site which has yielded evidence of quartz bead production and cotton textile production in previous excavations by Dr. Rajan, in addition to 150+ megalithic burials in surrounding cemeteries. The importance of this site in long distance exchange networks is indicated by find of long distance imports in excavated graves, including many etched carnelian beads (closest sources in Maharashtra) and some lapis lazuli (closest sources in Afghanistan). The agricultural base of this settlement has not been systematically investigated previously although earlier excavations did yield some chance funds of charred seeds, including nonce cache of charred cotton seeds.



Perur, located northeast of the city of Coimbatore is the site of a historical 8/9th c. temple as well as an ancient settlement. Two settlement mounds are located on the south bank of the Noyil river. Threnches were excavated in both mounds by the Coimbatore office of the State archaeology department (Dr. R. Poongundam and his colleagues, as well as T. Subramanian from the Thanjuvar office). The western mound, with deposits from the 7th to 8th century AD, had ca. 2 meters in 3 layers. 6 Samples were floated from here.

Thanks : http://www.ucl.ac.uk/archaeology/sta...ller/tamil.htm