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Thread: A brief study on the Sons & Daughters of Rajaraja Chola - 1

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    A brief study on the Sons & Daughters of Rajaraja Chola - 1

    A brief study on the Sons & Daughters of Rajaraja Chola - 1

    The Emperor Rajaraja Chola - 1 (A.D.985-1014) had many Queens during the
    period of his rule of the Chola Empire. An effort is being made to have
    a very brief study on the Sons and Daughters of Rajaraja Chola - 1 by
    these Queens, to add to our further study on the history of his royal
    household.


    The list below provides the Inscriptions which speak on the Sons and
    Daughters ofthe Rajaraja Chola - 1 by his Queens as gleaned from his
    ownand other Inscriptions, and are sequenced in the "order of the
    year of his rule" for our study.

    fourth year (of Rajaraja -1)


    "…Udaiya Piraattiyaar Thambiranadigal Vaanavan Maadeviyaar alias
    Thiribuvana Maadeviyaar, the mother of Sri Rajendra Chola Devar and the
    Queen of Sri Rajarajadeva……"

    Inscription No 117-A of 1896 SII - V No 982 from Thiruvenkaadu

    No year (of Rajaraja - 1)

    "…..Rajaraja'sQueen Vaanavan Maadeviyaar alias Thiribuvana
    Maadeviyaar the mother of Rajendra Chola….."

    Inscription No 448 of 1918 from Thiruvenkadu

    No year (of Rajendra - 1)

    "…..goldby Udaiya Piraattiyaar Thiribuvana Maadeviyaar the mother
    of the king….."

    Inscription No 460 of 1908 from Thiruvenkadu

    eighth year (of Rajendra - 1)

    "……Thiribhuvana Mahaadeviyaar Vanavan Madeviyaar "Queen"
    (should appear as "mother") of Rajendra Choladevar….."

    Inscription No 624 of 1920 from Udaiyargudi

    Note:

    I personally feel there is an error in thereading and that the
    word "Queen" should have been as "mother",which has to
    be verified with the original eye-copy of the inscription.

    1 was the son of Rajaraja Chola - 1 by the Queen Vaanavan Maadeviyaar.
    As none ofthese Inscriptions have mentioned any others also as her sons
    or daughters, we can surmise that Rajendra Chola - 1 was the only
    offspring of Vaanavan Maadeviyaar.

    Twentysecond year

    "…..thegold `eechchoppi' gifted to Oloka Maadevieswaram
    Udaiyar by Arumoli Chanthiramalli alias `Gangamaadevi' daughter
    of Udaiyar Sri Rajarajadevar…."

    Inscription from Oloka Maadevieswaram at Thiruvaiyaaru – Extracted
    from the Research Book titled Thiruvaiyaaru – by Dr S.Rajagopal
    (Former Senior Epigraphist - Tamil Nadu Archaeological Department,
    Chennai.

    Arumoli Chanthramalli in all probability has to be the eldest among the
    three daughters of Rajaraja. This could be further surmised by the fact
    that normal "tendency or desire" among many fathers to associate
    his name partly with that of their eldest daughter. The real name of
    Rajaraja was Arumolithevan. Hence on this basis we could deduce that
    Rajaraja named his eldest daughter with part of his name Arumoli
    pre-fixed to the name of Chanthiramalli to end up as Arumoli
    Chanthiramalli.

    Dr S.Rajagopal in his reasearch study has pointed out that - like how
    Kundavi married the Vengi king, Chanthiramalli married the Ganga king of
    that period which is gleaned fromthe above inscription.

    But there is no evidence to say as to which Queen of Rararaja she was
    born to. Could"Arumoli Chanthiramalli" been the daughter of
    Queen Panchavan Mahaadevi, being one among the three senior principal
    queens ???. Only discovery of any possible new inscriptions could throw
    light on same.

    twentyfifth year

    "……gifts of ornaments by Rajarajadeva's Queen
    Dantisakthi-Vitanki alias Loka Mahaadevi, his daughter Kundavi the queen
    of Vimaladityadeva, and his middle daughterMaadevadigal to the shrine
    Kshetrapaladeva which has been built by the king…."

    Inscription No 633 of 1902 from Thiruvalanjuli

    time of gifting of (jewellery) ornaments by Dantisakthi-Vitanki at the
    Kshetrapaladeva shrine. Hence it appears that Kundavi and Maadevadigal
    would have been the daughters of Dantisakthi, which would have made them
    to be present at the time of gifting of the ornaments by their mother to
    the shrine. We are already aware Rajaraja Chola had three daughters. In
    this inscription it has been clearly pointed out that Maadevadigal was
    the `middle daughter' of Rajaraja, and possibly would have been
    the eldest daughter of Dandi-sakthi.

    still no clue as to whom the daughter Maadevadigal was married.

    On we studying through the Meikeerthis of Rajathiraja Chola - 1 and
    Rajendra - 2 we note the following references respectively:

    "…..Siriya Thaathaiyaiyum, ThiruthThamaiyanaiyum………sudar mani
    mahutam sootti padar puhal aangu avarkku avar naaduaruli……"

    South Indian Inscriptions – Vol 3, Part - 1, No 28, page 53 of
    Rajathiraja Chola - 1

    "……Siriya Thaathai aahiya erivali GangaikondaCholanai pongikal
    IrumudiCholan entrum….."

    SouthIndian Inscriptions – Vol 3, Part - 1, No 29, page 58 of
    Rajendra Chola - 2

    Rajathiraja Chola - 1 and Rajendra Chola - 2 are both the sons of
    Rajendra Chola - 1.

    Hence both their Meikeerthi's referring seperately to their
    "Sriya Thaathai" meaning Father's younger brother (Thaathai
    = Father) clearly shows their father Rajendra Chola - 1 had a young
    brother. In these references it is mentioned only as Thaathai and not as
    Thaathaiyar in plural sense. Hence it indicates Rajendra Chola had only
    one brother.

    Thefather of Rajendra - 1 was Rajaraja - 1. Hence it is very clear that
    Rajaraja Chola - 1 had one more son other than the Rajendra Chola - 1,
    whose real name is not known to us from the inscriptions or otherwise as
    yet. But we are aware of his two titles namely one as "Gangai konda
    Cholan" given by Rajendra Chola - 1 on his successful expedition up
    to the Ganges river during the period Rajendra Chola - 1, and as
    "Irumudi Cholan" during the period of Rajendra Chola - 2. While
    he being a son of Rajaraja Chola - 1 we are not aware to which of his
    Queens he was born.

    Now with the foregoing informations we can prepare a schedule
    tentatively on the Rajaraja Chola's sons and daughters, until
    further information surface from the unpublished Chola Inscriptions in
    the future.

    King Queen

    Rajaraja Chola - 1 PanchavanMahadevi ???


    (Arumolithevan) Daughter - Arumoli Chandramalli


    married to king of Ganga Nadu

    (Neetimarga Permanadi of Gangapaadi
    ??)
    Vanavan Mahadevi
    Son - Rajendra Chola - 1
    Last edited by virarajendra; 28th August 2017 at 10:05 AM.

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